D_1_04

D_1_04 — Complete Pyramid Catalog: Every Known Pyramid on Earth

Confidence: 3/5 Section: D Updated: Feb 21, 2026 | **Source Count:** 15 | **Weighted Score:** 23 | **Source Confidence:** [3/5] | **Confidence:** Moderate (mixed evidence, interpretation varies)
Document ID: D_1_04
Section: D_Sites_and_Artifacts
Keywords: pyramid, ziggurat, step pyramid, mound, tumulus, Giza, Meroë, Teotihuacán, Cholula, Caral, Xi'an, Gunung Padang, coordinates, GPS, locations, global distribution, alignment, patternicity bias, chance alignment
Category Tags: sites, artifacts, megalithic
Cross-References: D_1_02 · D_4_01 · D_5_01 · E_4_02 · F_1_01
Reliability Tier: Tier 1-3 (archaeological sites and artifacts)
Last Updated: Feb 21, 2026 | Source Count: 15 | Weighted Score: 23 | Source Confidence: [3/5] | Confidence: Moderate (mixed evidence, interpretation varies)

QUICK SUMMARY

This document examines Complete Pyramid Catalog: Every Known Pyramid on Earth, a topic within the Sites and Artifacts research area. Key areas of investigation include Egypt — 138+ Confirmed Pyramids, Sudan (Nubia/Kush) — 255+ Pyramids, Other Africa. The analysis spans topics including ** pyramid, ziggurat, step pyramid, mound, tumulus. Notable findings include: Kingdom of Kush conquered Egypt briefly (25th Dynasty, ~747–656 BCE). The document presents evidence organized across multiple tiers — from peer-reviewed and verified claims to more speculative interpretations — with cross-references to related topics throughout the knowledge base.

Cross-References: D_1_02 · D_4_01 · D_5_01 · E_4_02 · F_1_01

Reliability Tiers Used in This Document

TierMeaning
TIER 1Verified — peer-reviewed, archaeologically documented, GPS confirmed
TIER 2Credible — debated dating or classification but physically real
TIER 3Speculative — claimed as pyramids but disputed
TIER 4Dubious — debunked or natural formations
TIER 5Mythological — referenced in tradition but not yet found

PURPOSE

This is a comprehensive geographic catalog of every known pyramid, pyramid-like structure, and pyramidal monument on Earth, organized by continent and region, with GPS coordinates, dimensions, dates, and builder identity where known. D_1_02 provides analysis and theory — this document is the complete location database.


1. AFRICA

1.1 Egypt — 138+ Confirmed Pyramids

Reliability: TIER 1

Major Sites

#SitePyramid/StructureCoordinatesDateHeightBaseBuilder/Pharaoh
1GizaGreat Pyramid (Khufu)29.9792°N, 31.1342°E~2560 BCE146.6 m230.4 mKhufu (Cheops)
2GizaPyramid of Khafre29.9761°N, 31.1307°E~2530 BCE136.4 m215.3 mKhafre
3GizaPyramid of Menkaure29.9726°N, 31.1282°E~2510 BCE65.5 m108.5 mMenkaure
4Giza3 Queen's Pyramids (G1a-c)29.9750°N, 31.1352°E~2560 BCE~15–30 mvariesQueens of Khufu
5Giza3 Queen's Pyramids (G3a-c)29.9716°N, 31.1275°E~2510 BCE~10–15 mvariesQueens of Menkaure
6SaqqaraStep Pyramid of Djoser29.8713°N, 31.2165°E~2670 BCE62.5 m121×109 mDjoser (architect: Imhotep)
7SaqqaraPyramid of Unas29.8681°N, 31.2150°E~2350 BCE43 m57.7 mUnas — first Pyramid Texts
8SaqqaraPyramid of Teti29.8742°N, 31.2197°E~2340 BCE43 m78.5 mTeti
9SaqqaraBuried Pyramid (Sekhemkhet)29.8689°N, 31.2127°E~2650 BCEunfinished120 mSekhemkhet
10SaqqaraPyramid of Userkaf29.8731°N, 31.2177°E~2490 BCE49 m73.3 mUserkaf
11SaqqaraPyramid of Pepi I29.8563°N, 31.2136°E~2330 BCE52.5 m78.75 mPepi I
12SaqqaraPyramid of Pepi II29.8472°N, 31.2142°E~2280 BCE52.5 m78.75 mPepi II
13SaqqaraPyramid of Merenre29.8525°N, 31.2128°E~2280 BCE52.5 m78.6 mMerenre
14DahshurBent Pyramid29.7908°N, 31.2103°E~2600 BCE101.1 m188.6 mSneferu
15DahshurRed Pyramid29.8091°N, 31.2059°E~2590 BCE105 m220 mSneferu — first true pyramid
16DahshurBlack Pyramid (Amenemhat III)29.7869°N, 31.2270°E~1860 BCE75 m (orig.)105 mAmenemhat III
17DahshurWhite Pyramid (Amenemhat II)29.7967°N, 31.2175°E~1920 BCEunknownunknownAmenemhat II
18DahshurPyramid of Senusret III29.8039°N, 31.2222°E~1880 BCE78 m105 mSenusret III
19Abu RawashPyramid of Djedefre30.0322°N, 31.0750°E~2530 BCEdestroyed106 mDjedefre (Khufu's successor)
20MeidumMeidum Pyramid29.3883°N, 31.1567°E~2600 BCE65 m (now)147 mSneferu (possibly begun by Huni)
21Abu SirPyramid of Sahure29.8946°N, 31.2014°E~2480 BCE47 m78.8 mSahure
22Abu SirPyramid of Neferirkare29.8960°N, 31.2039°E~2470 BCE72 m (orig.)105 mNeferirkare
23Abu SirPyramid of Nyuserre29.8938°N, 31.2028°E~2440 BCE51.7 m78.9 mNyuserre Ini
24LishtPyramid of Amenemhat I29.5673°N, 31.2208°E~1960 BCE55 m84 mAmenemhat I
25LishtPyramid of Senusret I29.5593°N, 31.2217°E~1940 BCE61.3 m105 mSenusret I
26HawaraPyramid of Amenemhat III29.2722°N, 30.8989°E~1850 BCE58 m105 mAmenemhat III — the "Labyrinth"
27El-LahunPyramid of Senusret II29.2364°N, 30.9694°E~1900 BCE48 m107 mSenusret II

Egypt Total: 138+ pyramids identified by archaeologists across ~30+ sites (many are small satellite/queen's pyramids)

1.2 Sudan (Nubia/Kush) — 255+ Pyramids

Reliability: TIER 1

#SiteCoordinatesPeriod# PyramidsHeight RangeAngle
1Meroë (North)16.9381°N, 33.7489°E300 BCE–350 CE~406–30 m~70°
2Meroë (South)16.9339°N, 33.7444°E300 BCE–350 CE~406–30 m~70°
3Meroë (West)16.9360°N, 33.7417°E300 BCE–350 CE~106–20 m~70°
4Nuri18.5567°N, 31.9167°E700–300 BCE8210–40 msteep
5El-Kurru18.4167°N, 31.7833°E900–700 BCE14+variesvaries
6Jebel Barkal18.5333°N, 31.8167°E700–300 BCE20+variessteep
7Sedeinga20.5280°N, 30.3285°E200 BCE–100 CE80+ (miniature)0.75–7 mvaries

Sudan Total: 255+ pyramids — MORE than all of Egypt

1.3 Other Africa

SiteCountryCoordinatesDateDetailsTier
Nsude PyramidsNigeria6.87°N, 7.39°EPre-colonial10 mud-brick step pyramids; circular baseTIER 2
Tichitt TraditionMauritania18.47°N, 9.43°W~2000–500 BCEStone settlement mounds; debatedTIER 2

2. AMERICAS

2.1 Mexico & Central America

Reliability: TIER 1

#SiteStructureCoordinatesDateHeightBaseBuilder
1TeotihuacánPyramid of the Sun19.6925°N, 98.8438°W~200 CE65 m225 mUnknown
2TeotihuacánPyramid of the Moon19.6953°N, 98.8445°W~250 CE43 m130 mUnknown
3TeotihuacánTemple of the Feathered Serpent19.6893°N, 98.8441°W~200 CE19 mUnknown
4CholulaGreat Pyramid of Cholula19.0579°N, 98.3022°W300 BCE–900 CE66 m450×450 mMultiple cultures
5Chichén ItzáEl Castillo (Kukulcán)20.6843°N, 88.5678°W~600 CE30 m55.3 mMaya
6TikalTemple I (Great Jaguar)17.2220°N, 89.6237°W734 CE47 mMaya
7TikalTemple IV17.2263°N, 89.6281°W741 CE65 mMaya
8PalenqueTemple of Inscriptions17.4838°N, 92.0461°W683 CE27 mMaya (Pakal)
9UxmalPyramid of the Magician20.3597°N, 89.7714°W6th–10th c. CE35 mEllipticalMaya
10CalakmulStructure II18.1056°N, 89.8108°W~400 CE55 mMaya
11CobáNohoch Mul20.4947°N, 87.7361°W600–900 CE42 mMaya
12Monte AlbánMain pyramid complex17.0436°N, 96.7678°W500 BCE–750 CEvariesZapotec
13TulaPyramid B (Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli)20.0628°N, 99.3406°W~900 CE13 mToltec
14El TajínPyramid of the Niches20.4467°N, 97.3778°W600–900 CE18 m25 mTotonac
15La VentaGreat Pyramid (Complex C)18.1033°N, 94.0378°W~400 BCE34 mFluted coneOlmec
16CuicuilcoCircular pyramid19.3017°N, 99.1839°W~600 BCE20 m130 m dia.Pre-Aztec
17TonináAcropolis pyramid16.8992°N, 92.0094°W~700 CE74 mMulti-levelMaya
18Cañada de la VirgenPyramid complex20.8508°N, 100.6439°W540–1050 CEOtomí
19XochicalcoPyramid of the Feathered Serpent18.8039°N, 99.2964°W~700 CE17 mMulti-ethnic

2.2 South America

Reliability: TIER 1

#SiteStructureCoordinatesDateHeightBaseBuilder
1CaralPirámide Mayor + 5 others10.8933°S, 77.5200°W~3000 BCE18 m150×160 mNorte Chico
2Túcume26 pyramids (Huaca Larga largest)6.5083°S, 79.8519°W~1000 CE30 m700×280 mLambayeque/Sicán
3Huaca del SolAdobe pyramid8.1500°S, 79.0000°W~450 CE50 m340×160 mMoche
4Huaca de la LunaTemple pyramid8.1458°S, 78.9975°W~100–600 CE21 mMoche
5TiwanakuAkapana Pyramid16.5553°S, 68.6733°W~500 CE18 m257 mTiwanaku
6SipánHuaca Rajada (pyramids)6.8033°S, 79.6000°W~300 CEMoche (Lord of Sipán)
7PachacámacTemple of the Sun12.2575°S, 76.8989°W~200–1500 CELima/Inca
8ParamongaFortress/pyramid10.6281°S, 77.8058°W~1200 CE25 mChimú
9Sechin BajoCircular plaza & platforms9.4667°S, 78.2500°W~3500 BCEPre-ceramic
10AsperoHuaca de los Ídolos10.7892°S, 77.6428°W~3000 BCE10 mNorte Chico

2.3 North America

#SiteStructureCoordinatesDateHeightBuilderTier
1CahokiaMonks Mound38.6601°N, 90.0622°W~1050 CE30 mMississippianTIER 1
2EtowahMound A34.1267°N, 84.8061°W~1000 CE19 mMississippianTIER 1
3MoundvilleMound B33.0058°N, 87.6311°W~1200 CE17 mMississippianTIER 1
4Poverty PointMound A32.6375°N, 91.4086°W~1500 BCE22 mArchaic cultureTIER 1

Note: North American mounds are earthen, not stone — but Monks Mound at Cahokia covers more ground area than the Great Pyramid of Giza.


3. ASIA

3.1 China — 40+ Pyramid Mounds

Reliability: TIER 1

#Site/MoundCoordinatesDateHeightBuilderNotes
1Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum34.3380°N, 108.5694°E210 BCE~100 m (orig.)Qin Shi HuangTerracotta Army; mercury rivers
2Maoling34.4694°N, 108.5528°E87 BCE46.5 mEmperor Wu of HanLargest Han tomb
3Yangling34.4500°N, 108.9500°E141 BCE32 mEmperor Jing of Han50,000+ miniature figures
4Changling34.4333°N, 108.9667°E195 BCE33 mEmperor Gaozu of HanFirst Han dynasty pyramid
5Qianling34.5764°N, 108.2178°E706 CEnatural hillWu Zetian & GaozongTang; built into mountain
6–40+Various Xi'an mounds34.20–34.55°N, 108.30–109.00°E200 BCE–200 CE10–50 mHan Dynasty nobles~40 mounds in Shaanxi

3.2 Indonesia

#SiteCoordinatesDate (Mainstream)Date (Alternative)HeightTier
1Gunung Padang6.9944°S, 107.0564°E~5000 BCE?27,000 years (Natawidjaja 2023)HilltopTIER 2–3
2Borobudur7.6079°S, 110.2038°E~800 CE35 mTIER 1
3Prambanan7.7520°S, 110.4915°E~850 CE47 mTIER 1
4Sukuh7.6267°S, 111.1308°E~1437 CE11 mTIER 1
5Candi Jiwa6.4053°S, 106.3803°E~100 BCE22 mTIER 1

3.3 Cambodia

#SiteStructureCoordinatesDateHeightBuilder
1Koh KerPrasat Thom13.6886°N, 104.5311°E~930 CE36 mJayavarman IV
2Angkor WatCentral tower/temple mountain13.4125°N, 103.8670°E~1150 CE65 mSuryavarman II
3Baksei ChamkrongStep pyramid temple13.4350°N, 103.8575°E~948 CE27 mRajendravarman
4Phnom BakhengTemple mountain13.4283°N, 103.8558°E~907 CE65 mYasovarman I

3.4 India

#SiteStructureCoordinatesDateHeightNotesTier
1BrihadeshwaraVimana (pyramid tower)10.7828°N, 79.1318°E1010 CE66 m80-tonne capstoneTIER 1
2Meenakshi Temple14 gopurams (pyramid towers)9.9195°N, 78.1193°E~1600 CE51.9 m (tallest)Hindu temple complexTIER 1
3Virupaksha TempleGopuram15.3350°N, 76.4600°E~1442 CE50 mHampi/VijayanagaraTIER 1
4Ranganathaswamy21 gopurams10.8627°N, 78.6880°EVarious72 m (tallest)Srirangam; temple complexTIER 1

3.5 Japan

#SiteStructureCoordinatesDateNotesTier
1Daisen KofunKeyhole mound34.5645°N, 135.4876°E~5th c. CE486 m long; larger area than GizaTIER 1
2YonaguniUnderwater structures24.4346°N, 123.0085°EDisputedMasaaki Kimura: man-made; most: naturalTIER 3

3.6 Iraq/Iran (Ziggurats)

#SiteCoordinatesDateHeight (Original)BuilderTier
1Ur30.9628°N, 46.1031°E~2100 BCE~30 mUr-NammuTIER 1
2Chogha Zanbil32.0093°N, 48.5218°E~1250 BCE25 m (now), 52 m (orig.)ElamiteTIER 1
3Etemenanki (Babylon)32.5364°N, 44.4208°E~600 BCE91 m (claimed)Nebuchadnezzar IITIER 1 (ruins)
4Aqar Quf33.3525°N, 44.2003°E~1400 BCE57 m (now)KassiteTIER 1
5Sialk33.9675°N, 51.4322°E~3000 BCE~10 m (ruins)Proto-ElamiteTIER 1

4. EUROPE

Reliability: TIER 1–4 (varies significantly)

#SiteCountryCoordinatesDateHeightStatusTier
1Pyramid of CestiusItaly (Rome)41.8764°N, 12.4813°E~12 BCE36 mRoman tomb; intactTIER 1
2Pyramids of GüímarSpain (Tenerife)28.3131°N, 16.3817°WDisputed12 m6 stepped structuresTIER 2
3Hellinikon PyramidGreece37.6178°N, 22.7625°E~2720 BCE?3.5 mOSL dating disputedTIER 2–3
4Visočica (Bosnian Pyramid)Bosnia43.9820°N, 18.1764°EDisputed220 m?Osmanagić claim; rejected by mainstreamTIER 4
5Falicon PyramidFrance (Nice)43.7425°N, 7.2925°ERoman era?9 mSmall; above cave entranceTIER 2
6BarnenezFrance (Brittany)48.6667°N, 3.8578°W~4850 BCE8 m72 m × 25 m; Neolithic cairnTIER 1
7Silbury HillEngland51.4157°N, 1.8578°W~2400 BCE30 mLargest artificial mound in EuropeTIER 1
8NewgrangeIreland53.6947°N, 6.4756°W~3200 BCE12 mPassage tomb; winter solstice alignmentTIER 1

5. OCEANIA / PACIFIC

#SiteCountryCoordinatesDateDetailsTier
1Nan MadolPohnpei (FSM)6.8442°N, 158.3344°E~1200 CE92 artificial basalt islands; ~750,000 tonnesTIER 1
2Ha'amonga 'a MauiTonga21.1422°S, 175.0514°W~1200 CETrilithon; megalithicTIER 1
3Russell IslandSolomon Islands9.1°S, 159.2°EUnknownReported pyramidal mound; minimal studyTIER 3
4Kiribati underwaterKiribatiVariousUnknownReported submerged structuresTIER 3

6. SUBMERGED / UNDERSEA REPORTED PYRAMIDS

Reliability: TIER 2–4

#LocationCoordinates (Approx.)DepthStatusTier
1Yonaguni, Japan24.4346°N, 123.0085°E25 mDebated — natural vs. man-madeTIER 3
2Off Cuba (reported 2001)~22.0°N, 84.0°W~700 mPaulina Zelitsky expedition; never independently verifiedTIER 3–4
3Azores (reported)~38.0°N, 26.0°W~40 mPortuguese Navy sonar; not confirmedTIER 3–4
4Lake Fuxian, China24.5°N, 102.9°E8–27 mPyramid-shaped structures detected by sonarTIER 2–3
5Bermuda Triangle (reported)VariousVariousPersistent claims; no verified evidenceTIER 4

7. GLOBAL STATISTICS

MetricValue
Total confirmed pyramids worldwide~1,000+
Egypt138+
Sudan255+
Mexico & Central America200+ major structures
South America100+
China40+
Cambodia20+ temple mountains
India100+ pyramidal temple towers
Rest of worldVarious
Oldest confirmedBarnenez (France, ~4850 BCE) or Caral (Peru, ~3000 BCE)
Largest by volumeGreat Pyramid of Cholula (~4.45 million m³)
TallestGreat Pyramid of Giza (146.6 m original)
Most in one countrySudan (255+)
Largest by ground areaDaisen Kofun, Japan (486 m long)

8. ALIGNMENT OBSERVATIONS

Reliability: TIER 1 (measurements) / TIER 3 (significance)

Sites Near the 30th Parallel North

SiteLatitudeProximity to 30°N
Great Pyramid of Giza29.98°N0.02°
Eridu (oldest Sumerian city)30.82°N0.82°
Persepolis29.93°N0.07°
Lhasa, Tibet29.65°N0.35°
Bermuda Triangle (center)~30°N

Proposed "Great Circle" Alignments

Sites along a proposed great circle alignment (~30° inclination to equator):

Mainstream View: Given enough ancient sites, statistically significant alignments will appear by chance. This is a documented cognitive bias (patternicity).

Alternative View: Too many major sites cluster near specific latitudes and alignments to be coincidental. Ancient builders understood/used global geodesy.


9. IMAGE SEARCH GUIDE

Images to seek for this catalog:

CategorySearch TermsPriority Sources
Aerial/satellite views"[site name] aerial view", "[site name] satellite"Wikimedia Commons, Google Earth
Cross-section diagrams"Great Pyramid cross section", "Cholula cutaway"Academic publications
Comparative scale"world pyramids size comparison"Infographics
Location maps"global pyramid distribution map"Geographic databases
Interior passages"Khufu interior diagram", "Derinkuyu cross section"Archaeological publications
Archaeological photos"[site name] excavation photo"Museum/institutional

Counter-Arguments & Criticisms

Conventional Archaeological Explanations

Methodological & Evidence Challenges

Scholarly Criticism


CROSS-REFERENCE INDEX

DocumentSectionConnection
D_1_02D_Sites_and_ArtifactsD_1_02 — Pyramids Worldwide
D_4_01D_Sites_and_ArtifactsD_1_03 — Megalithic Impossible Engineering
D_5_01D_Sites_and_ArtifactsD_5_03 — Sacred Geometry
E_4_02E_Cataclysms_and_ChronologyE_4_02 — Radiocarbon Calibration
F_1_01F_Lost_ConnectionsF_1_01 — Trans Oceanic Contact

IMAGES

#DescriptionFilenameSourceLicense
1No images catalogued yet

Sources

Archaeological Databases

Academic


CHANGE LOG

DateChange
Feb 21, 2026Created as comprehensive pyramid location catalog — complete GPS coordinates, dimensions, and global statistics

D_1_04 — Deep Scan Expansion Document — February 2026

BIBLIOGRAPHY

  1. Lehner, Mark | 1997 | ∅ | The Complete Pyramids: Solving the Ancient Mysteries | ∅ | ∅ | London: Thames & Hudson | ∅ | isbn:9780500285473 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  2. Arnold, Dieter | 1991 | ∅ | Building in Egypt: Pharaonic Stone Masonry | ∅ | ∅ | Oxford: Oxford University Press | ∅ | isbn:9780195113747 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  3. Kendall, Timothy | 1997 | ∅ | Kerma and the Kingdom of Kush: The Archaeological Discovery of an Ancient Nubian Empire | ∅ | ∅ | Washington, DC: National Museum of African Art | ∅ | isbn:9780965234108 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  4. Evans, Susan Toby. . | 2013 | ∅ | Ancient Mexico and Central America: Archaeology and Culture History | ∅ | ∅ | London: Thames & Hudson | 3rd | isbn:9780500290651 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  5. Verner, Miroslav | 2001 | ∅ | The Pyramids: The Mystery, Culture, and Science of Egypt's Great Monuments | ∅ | ∅ | Trans | ∅ | isbn:9780802139559 | ∅ | ∅ | Steven Rendall; New York: Grove Press
  6. Maisels, Charles Keith | 1999 | ∅ | Early Civilizations of the Old World: The Formative Histories of Egypt, the Levant, Mesopotamia, India, and China | ∅ | ∅ | London: Routledge | ∅ | isbn:9780415109765 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  7. Edwards, I.E.S. . | 1993 | ∅ | The Pyramids of Egypt | ∅ | ∅ | London: Penguin | Rev. | isbn:9780140136340 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  8. Shady Solís, Ruth | 2005 | ∅ | La Ciudad Sagrada de Caral-Supe en los Albores de la Civilización en el Perú | ∅ | ∅ | Lima: UNMSM | ∅ | isbn:9789972973802 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  9. Welsby, Derek A. | 1996 | ∅ | The Kingdom of Kush: The Napatan and Meroitic Empires | ∅ | ∅ | London: British Museum Press | ∅ | isbn:9780714119717 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  10. Stierlin, Henri | 1992 | ∅ | The Pharaohs Master-Builders | ∅ | ∅ | Paris: Terrail | ∅ | isbn:9782879390543 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  11. Aldred, Cyril. . | 1998 | ∅ | The Egyptians | ∅ | ∅ | London: Thames & Hudson | 3rd | isbn:9780500280362 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  12. Silverman, David P., Josef W | 2006 | ∅ | Akhenaten and Tutankhamun: Revolution and Restoration | ∅ | ∅ | Wegner, and Jennifer Houser Wegner | ∅ | isbn:9781931707909 | ∅ | ∅ | Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum
  13. Moseley, Michael E. . | 2001 | ∅ | The Incas and Their Ancestors: The Archaeology of Peru | ∅ | ∅ | London: Thames & Hudson | Rev. | isbn:9780500282779 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  14. Shaw, Ian | 2000 | ∅ | The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt | ∅ | ∅ | Oxford: Oxford University Press | ∅ | isbn:9780192804587 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅
  15. Quirke, Stephen | 2001 | ∅ | The Cult of Ra: Sun-Worship in Ancient Egypt | ∅ | ∅ | London: Thames & Hudson | ∅ | isbn:9780500051078 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅

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