RESEARCH BASE

Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence

3,721 Documents 34 Sections 43,625 Citations 34,852 Keywords Indexed 4 Evidence Tiers

3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.

3,702 results for "g minus 2" — page 94 of 186

ZC_4_13 Verified Social Science

ZC_4_13 — Indigeneity and Indigenous Rights

Indigeneity and Indigenous rights address the political, legal, cultural, and territorial claims of peoples who identify as Indigenous — the original inhabitants of territories subsequently colonized by settlers, with di

Indigenous rights UNDRIP self-determination land rights sovereignty decolonization
ZC_4_15 Verified Social Science

ZC_4_15 — Anthropology of Ritual: Liminality, Communitas, and Ritual Performance

The anthropology of ritual studies the structured, repetitive, symbolic actions through which human societies create meaning, mark transitions, maintain social order, negotiate power, communicate with the sacred, and tra

ritual liminality Turner rites of passage communitas van Gennep
ZC_4_04 Verified Social Science

ZC_4_04 — Medical Anthropology — Culture, Healing, and the Body

Medical anthropology — the study of how health, illness, healing, and the body are experienced, understood, and managed across cultures — is one of anthropology's most productive subfields, bridging biological and social

medical anthropology healing illness disease sickness culture
ZC_4_11 Verified Social Science

ZC_4_11 — Anthropology of Death: Mortuary Practices, Grief, and the Afterlife

The anthropology of death examines how human societies construct, perform, and give meaning to dying, death, the disposal of the dead, mourning, and beliefs about postmortem existence — revealing that mortuary practices

death anthropology mortuary practice funeral cremation burial grief
ZC_4_01 Verified Social Science

ZC_4_01 — Gift Economy and Reciprocity

The gift economy — a system of exchange in which goods and services are transferred without explicit agreement for immediate return, yet create bonds of obligation, reciprocity, and social hierarchy — has been one of the

gift economy reciprocity Marcel Mauss potlatch kula ring hau
ZC_4_03 Verified Social Science

ZC_4_03 — Ethnomusicology — Music as Social Phenomenon

Ethnomusicology — the study of music in its cultural context, or more precisely, the study of music as culture and culture as expressed through music — emerged in the mid-20th century from the older discipline of "compar

ethnomusicology music culture sound performance ritual
ZC_4_14 Verified Social Science

ZC_4_14 — Ethnography: Methods, Practice, and Representation

Ethnography is both a research method and a written product — the foundational practice of cultural and social anthropology and an increasingly influential approach across sociology, education, organizational studies, de

ethnography participant observation thick description Geertz Malinowski fieldwork
ZC_2_18 Credible Social Science

ZC_2_18 — Societal Collapse — Tainter's Complexity Theory

Joseph Tainter's The Collapse of Complex Societies (1988) proposed one of the most influential theoretical frameworks for understanding why civilizations fail: societies collapse when the marginal returns on increasing c

societal collapse Joseph Tainter complexity diminishing returns marginal productivity Roman Empire
ZC_2_12 Verified Social Science

ZC_2_12 — Social Stratification and Class

Social stratification refers to the ranking of individuals and groups in hierarchies of wealth, power, and prestige. The two foundational approaches are Karl Marx (1818–1883) — class is defined by relationship to the mea

social stratification class inequality Marx Weber Bourdieu
ZC_2_15 Verified Social Science

ZC_2_15 — Media Studies and Communication Theory

Media studies and communication theory examine how media technologies and institutions produce, distribute, and shape public meaning. Marshall McLuhan (Understanding Media, 1964) argued "the medium is the message" — the

media studies communication theory McLuhan mass media agenda setting framing
ZC_2_16 Verified Social Science

ZC_2_16 — Social Capital

Social capital — the networks of relationships, norms of reciprocity, and trust that facilitate collective action and cooperation within and between groups — emerged as one of the most influential and contested concepts

social capital Bourdieu Coleman Putnam bonding capital bridging capital
ZC_2_20 Credible Social Science

ZC_2_20 — Social Capital Theory — Putnam

Social capital — the networks of relationships, norms of reciprocity, and trust that facilitate cooperation among individuals and groups — became one of the most influential and contested concepts in social science follo

social capital Robert Putnam bowling alone civic engagement trust social networks
ZC_2_19 Credible Social Science

ZC_2_19 — World-Systems Theory — Wallerstein

World-systems theory, developed by Immanuel Wallerstein (1930–2019) beginning with The Modern World-System I (1974), provides a macro-sociological framework for understanding global inequality, economic development, and

world-systems theory Immanuel Wallerstein core periphery semi-periphery dependency theory capitalist world-economy
ZC_2_02 Verified Social Science

ZC_2_02 — Collective Memory and Cultural Transmission of Myth

Collective memory — the shared pool of knowledge and information held by a group — is the mechanism by which myths, traditions, and historical narratives are transmitted across generations. This document surveys the scho

collective memory cultural memory oral tradition transmission Halbwachs Assmann
G_4_18 Verified Modern Frameworks

G_4_18 — Biogeography and Ancient Distribution Patterns

Biogeography — the study of the spatial distribution of organisms across the planet, both present and past — is one of the most powerful frameworks for understanding Earth history, evolutionary processes, and the mechani

biogeography Wallace Line island biogeography MacArthur-Wilson vicariance dispersal
G_4_16 Verified Modern Frameworks

G_4_16 — Comparative Mythology as Science — Phylogenetic and Statistical Approaches

Comparative mythology — the systematic study of myths and folktales across cultures to identify shared elements, trace historical relationships, and understand the cognitive and social processes that generate mythologica

comparative mythology phylomythology phylogenetic analysis d'Huy Tehrani Witzel
G_4_13 Verified Modern Frameworks

G_4_13 — HADD and Agency Detection — Why We See Beings Everywhere

The Hyperactive Agency Detection Device (HADD) — a term coined by cognitive scientist Justin Barrett (2000) building on work by Stewart Guthrie (1993) and Pascal Boyer (2001) — refers to the proposed cognitive mechanism

HADD hyperactive agency detection device agency detection cognitive science of religion Barrett Boyer
G_4_04 Verified Modern Frameworks

G_4_04 — Cognitive Science of Religion and the Anthropology of Belief

The Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR) is an interdisciplinary field that explains religious belief and practice as natural products of evolved cognitive mechanisms rather than supernatural revelation or cultural invent

cognitive science of religion CSR HADD agency detection minimally counterintuitive Boyer
G_4_19 Credible Modern Frameworks

G_4_19 — Oral Tradition as Historical Record — Scientific Assessment

Oral tradition — the intergenerational transmission of knowledge, narratives, law, and custom without writing — was the primary medium of human memory for >95% of our species' existence and remains vital in many living c

oral tradition oral history folklore ethnographic record cultural memory mythological kernel
G_4_11 Verified Modern Frameworks

G_4_11 — Archaeoastronomy Methods and Systematic Evidence

Archaeoastronomy — the study of how past civilizations understood, observed, and used astronomical phenomena — has matured from a field plagued by speculative alignment claims into a rigorous interdisciplinary discipline

archaeoastronomy ethnoastronomy astronomical alignment solstice equinox stellar alignment