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Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence

3,721 documents 34 sections 43,623 citations 34,854 keywords indexed 4 evidence tiers

3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.

2,331 results for "Type Ia supernova" — page 93 of 117

P_5_22 Credible Philosophy & Meaning

P_5_22 — Cyclical Time: Eternal Return, Historical Cycles, and Non-Linear Temporality

The concept of cyclical time — that history, cosmic processes, or existence itself follows recurring patterns rather than a single linear progression — is one of the most ancient and widespread ideas in human thought. Vi

cyclical time eternal return Nietzsche Eliade Vico Spengler
P_5_18 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_5_18 — Comparative Religion & the Science of Sacred Traditions

Comparative religion — the systematic study of the world's religious traditions through cross-cultural analysis — emerged as an academic discipline in the 19th century with Friedrich Max Müller's translation of the Sacre

comparative religion history of religions Mircea Eliade Joseph Campbell phenomenology of religion sacred and profane
P_5_04 Philosophy & Meaning

P_5_04 — Process Philosophy — Whitehead and the Metaphysics of Becoming

Process philosophy, most fully developed in Alfred North Whitehead's Process and Reality (1929), proposes that reality is fundamentally constituted not by enduring substances but by dynamic events — "actual occasions of

process philosophy Alfred North Whitehead Process and Reality actual occasions prehension eternal objects
P_5_02 Philosophy & Meaning

P_5_02 — Computational Phylogenetics of Mythology

This document examines Computational Phylogenetics of Mythology, a topic within the Philosophy Meaning research area. Key areas of investigation include The Traditional Approach: Comparative Mythology, The Biological Ana

phylogenetics mythology Yuri Berezkin Julien d'Huy Michael Witzel Laurasian
P_5_03 Philosophy & Meaning

P_5_03 — Aesthetics — Philosophy of Beauty, Art, and the Sublime

Aesthetics — the philosophical study of beauty, art, taste, and the sublime — has been a central philosophical concern from Plato's suspicion of art as dangerous imitation to contemporary debates about the nature of aest

aesthetics philosophy of art beauty sublime Plato mimesis
P_2_07 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_07 — Ethics of Knowledge and Epistemic Justice

Epistemic justice — fairness in the production, distribution, and recognition of knowledge — has become one of the most active areas of contemporary philosophy. Miranda Fricker (Epistemic Injustice, 2007) identified two

epistemic justice epistemic injustice testimonial injustice hermeneutical injustice Fricker epistemic violence
P_2_09 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_09 — Cosmopolitanism and Global Ethics

Cosmopolitanism — from the Greek kosmopolitēs ("citizen of the world") — is the philosophical tradition asserting that all human beings belong to a single moral community regardless of nationality, ethnicity, or culture.

cosmopolitanism global ethics global justice world citizen Kant perpetual peace
P_2_15 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_15 — Philosophy of Emotion: Affect, Reason, and Moral Sentiment

The philosophy of emotion asks what emotions are, how they relate to reason and knowledge, and what role they play in moral life. The Western tradition has oscillated between two poles: Stoic/Kantian rationalism, which t

philosophy of emotion affect feeling passion sentiment reason
P_2_13 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_13 — Philosophy of Biology: Teleology, Species Concepts, and Function

The philosophy of biology examines the conceptual foundations, explanatory structures, and ontological commitments of the biological sciences — asking questions that biology itself presupposes but does not typically addr

philosophy of biology species concept biological species teleology function natural selection
P_2_06 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_06 — Political Philosophy: Justice, Power, and Authority

Political philosophy examines the nature of justice, power, authority, and the proper organization of collective human life. Plato (Republic, c. 375 BCE) argued that justice consists in each part of the soul and the city

political philosophy justice power authority legitimacy sovereignty
P_2_17 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_17 — Philosophy of Law: Jurisprudence and Legal Theory

Jurisprudence — the philosophical study of law's nature, authority, and relationship to morality — addresses foundational questions: What makes a rule a "law"? Is law necessarily connected to morality? How should judges

jurisprudence legal-positivism natural-law hartian dworkinian critical-legal-studies
P_2_03 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_03 — Virtue Ethics

Virtue ethics — the moral theory centered on character rather than rules (deontology) or consequences (consequentialism) — asks not "What should I do?" but "What kind of person should I be?" Its roots lie in Aristotle's

virtue ethics Aristotle Nicomachean Ethics eudaimonia phronesis practical wisdom
P_2_14 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_14 — Philosophy of Action: Agency, Intention, and Collective Action

The philosophy of action investigates the nature of human agency — what it means to act (as opposed to merely moving), what makes an action intentional, how reasons relate to causes, and how individual agency extends to

philosophy of action agency intention intentional action free will reasons
ZE_5_06 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_5_06 — Ethics of Whistleblowing: Loyalty, Truth, and Institutional Accountability

Whistleblowing — the disclosure by a member of an organization of illegal, unethical, or harmful activities to parties capable of taking corrective action — forces a direct confrontation between competing moral obligatio

whistleblowing loyalty truth accountability Snowden Manning
ZE_5_03 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_5_03 — Jewish Ethics: Talmudic Reasoning, Tikkun Olam, and Halakhic Law

Jewish ethics — rooted in the Torah (the Five Books of Moses), the Talmud (the vast body of rabbinic law and interpretation), and centuries of philosophical commentary — represents one of the world's oldest continuous et

Jewish ethics Talmud halakha tikkun olam pikuach nefesh Torah
ZE_5_01 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_5_01 — Ethics of Consent: Informed, Sexual, Political, and Medical

Consent — the voluntary agreement of a competent agent to a proposed action — is widely regarded as one of the fundamental moral concepts in liberal democratic societies. It serves as the crucial boundary between legitim

consent informed consent sexual consent political consent medical ethics autonomy
ZE_4_12 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_4_12 — Ethics of Lying and Deception: Kant, White Lies, and Noble Lies

The ethics of lying and deception stands among the oldest and most persistently debated problems in moral philosophy. At its core lies an apparent tension: truthfulness seems foundational to human communication, trust, a

lying deception Kant Bok noble lie white lies
ZE_4_06 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_4_06 — Ethics of Death and Dying

The ethics of death and dying encompasses philosophical questions about the nature and badness of death, moral debates about end-of-life decisions (euthanasia, assisted suicide, palliative care), and the definition of de

death dying euthanasia assisted suicide palliative care hospice
ZE_4_09 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_4_09 — Indigenous Rights and Intellectual Property Ethics

Indigenous rights and intellectual property ethics examines the tension between Western IP frameworks (patents, copyrights, trade secrets — designed for individual, time-limited ownership) and indigenous knowledge system

indigenous rights intellectual property traditional knowledge biopiracy WIPO CBD Nagoya Protocol
ZE_4_05 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_4_05 — Ethics of Global Justice and Human Rights

Global justice asks what moral obligations individuals and states owe to people beyond their borders, and whether justice requires global institutional reform. Human rights — rights held by all persons simply by virtue o

global justice human rights UDHR cosmopolitanism distributive justice Rawls