RESEARCH BASE
Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence
3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.
2,508 results for "CA" — page 93 of 126
L_4_15 — Y-Chromosome and mtDNA Mismatch Patterns in Human Populations
The Y chromosome (paternally inherited, non-recombining) and mitochondrial DNA (maternally inherited) provide independent genealogical records of male and female lineage histories, respectively. When these two markers te
L_2_11 — Ancient DNA and the Indo-European Question
The Indo-European question — where was the homeland of the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) language, and how did the Indo-European family spread to encompass languages from Ireland to India? — has been one of the most debated
L_2_06 — South Asian Genetics and Population History
South Asia harbors one of the most genetically diverse and internally structured population histories of any world region, reflecting deep settlement, repeated admixture, and long periods of extreme endogamy. The best-su
L_2_04 — Oceanian Genetics and Pacific Migration
The human settlement of Oceania represents the last major expansion of Homo sapiens across the globe, and the most remarkable feat of maritime exploration in human history. It occurred in two major phases separated by ~4
L_3_06 — Genetics of Intelligence and Cognition
The genetics of intelligence — one of the most studied yet contentious areas in behavioral genetics — has established that cognitive ability, as measured by standardized tests, has a substantial heritable component (~50–
L_3_14 — Genetic Bottleneck Recovery and Founder Effects
A genetic bottleneck occurs when a population's size is drastically reduced, causing a random loss of genetic variation (alleles) that cannot be recovered through subsequent population growth. Founder effects are a speci
L_3_10 — Telomeres Aging and Longevity Genetics
Telomeres — the repetitive DNA sequences (TTAGGG in vertebrates) capping the ends of linear chromosomes — protect genome integrity by preventing chromosome ends from being recognized as double-strand breaks and triggerin
L_3_12 — Genetics of Pigmentation: Skin, Hair, and Eye Color Evolution
Human pigmentation — the variation in skin, hair, and eye color across populations — is one of the most visible and best-understood examples of natural selection in our species. Pigmentation is determined primarily by th
L_3_03 — Lactase Persistence and Gene-Culture Coevolution
Lactase persistence — the ability of adults to digest the milk sugar lactose — is the most thoroughly documented case of gene-culture coevolution in the human species. The ancestral mammalian condition is lactase non-per
L_3_08 — Genetics of Skin, Hair, and Eye Color
Human pigmentation — skin, hair, and eye color — is one of the best-understood complex traits in human genetics, with a relatively modest number of genes explaining a large proportion of variation compared to most polyge
L_3_07 — Behavioral Genetics: Nature and Nurture
Behavioral genetics — the scientific study of how genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences in behavior — has transformed our understanding of human psychology over the past half-century. Thr
L_5_01 — Human Microbiome and Co-Evolution
The human microbiome — the aggregate community of microorganisms (bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses, protists) living on and within the human body — comprises roughly 38 trillion microbial cells (Sender et al., 2016, Cel
L_5_04 — Ancient Microbiome and Paleomicrobiology
Paleomicrobiology — the study of ancient microorganisms through the application of molecular techniques (ancient DNA extraction, metagenomics, proteomics) to archaeological and paleontological material — has revolutioniz
L_5_02 — Genetic Diseases and Founder Effect Populations
When a small group founds a new population and subsequently expands in relative isolation, genetic drift can amplify alleles that were rare in the ancestral population — including deleterious recessive disease alleles. T
L_5_14 — Amino Acid Racemization Dating Method
Amino acid racemization (AAR) — a geochronological dating technique based on the chemical conversion of L-amino acids (the biologically predominant enantiomer in living organisms) to D-amino acids (the mirror-image confi
Y_4_08 — Sleep Science — REM, NREM, and the Ancient Understanding of Sleep
Sleep science has undergone a revolution in the 21st century, fundamentally altering our understanding of why humans sleep. The landmark 2012 discovery of the glymphatic system by Maiken Nedergaard revealed that the brai
Y_4_06 — Synesthesia and Cross-Modal Perception
Synesthesia — the involuntary, consistent experience of one sensory modality triggering perception in another (e.g., hearing colors, tasting shapes) — affects roughly 4% of the general population when broad subtype defin
Y_4_02 — Savant Syndrome and Acquired Genius
Savant syndrome — extraordinary ability coexisting with significant cognitive disability — affects roughly 1 in 10 people with autism and ~1 in 2,000 people with other developmental disabilities or brain injuries. What m
Y_4_04 — Entoptic Phenomena and Phosphene Patterns
This document examines Entoptic Phenomena and Phosphene Patterns, a topic within the Consciousness research area. Key areas of investigation include Defining Entoptic Phenomena, Phosphenes: Light from Within, Heinrich Kl
Y_4_01 — Lucid Dreaming Research
Lucid dreaming — being consciously aware that you are dreaming WHILE dreaming, and potentially controlling dream content — was scientifically verified in 1975-1981 through a breakthrough protocol: pre-arranged EYE SIGNAL
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