RESEARCH BASE
Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence
3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.
3,236 results for "Ra" — page 89 of 162
M_1_04 — Costa Rica Stone Spheres (Las Bolas)
The stone spheres of Costa Rica (Las Bolas or petrosferas) are over 300 pre-Columbian stone sculptures found primarily in the Diquís Delta of southern Costa Rica.
M_1_12 — Ancient Electrical Phenomena: Baghdad Battery and Electroplating
The "Baghdad Battery" (also called the Parthian Battery) refers to a set of artifacts discovered in 1936 at Khujut Rabu (near Baghdad, Iraq) by German archaeologist Wilhelm König, then Director of the Baghdad Museum. The
A_1_18 — Sumerian King List: Antediluvian Records and Divine Kingship
The Sumerian King List (SKL) is a cuneiform document cataloguing the rulers of Sumer from the beginning of kingship — which "descended from heaven" — through successive dynasties across multiple city-states. The most com
A_1_23 — Proto-Writing & Token Systems: Precursors to Cuneiform
The invention of writing in Mesopotamia around 3200 BCE was not a sudden innovation but the culmination of an 8,000-year evolution of information recording technologies. Beginning with simple geometric clay tokens in the
A_1_11 — Ebla Tablets and Third-Millennium Syrian Archives
The Ebla tablets comprise approximately 17,000 cuneiform tablets and fragments discovered at Tell Mardikh (ancient Ebla) in northwestern Syria between 1964 and 1975 by an Italian archaeological team led by Paolo Matthiae
A_1_22 — Proto-Writing Development and Precursors to Cuneiform
The transition from pre-literate record-keeping to cuneiform script spanned approximately 5,000 years, from small geometric clay tokens used for commodity tracking in the Neolithic (c. 8000 BCE) through the emergence of
A_1_05 — Divine Council / Assembly of the Gods
Virtually every ancient civilization describes a governing body of supernatural beings — a divine council or assembly — who collectively decide human affairs, authorize earthly kingship, create and destroy humanity, and
A_1_21 — Sumerian & Babylonian Astronomical Texts: MUL.APIN and the Astral Sciences
MUL.APIN (literally "Star of the Plough") is the most comprehensive surviving astronomical compendium from ancient Mesopotamia, preserved on two cuneiform tablets cataloging stars, constellations, planetary periods, inte
A_1_12 — Amarna Letters: Bronze Age International Diplomacy
The Amarna Letters are a corpus of approximately 382 cuneiform clay tablets discovered in 1887 at Tell el-Amarna in Middle Egypt — the site of Akhenaten's short-lived capital, Akhetaten. Dating to approximately 1360–1332
A_2_04 — Dead Sea Scrolls Expanded
The Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS), discovered between 1947–1956 in 11 caves near Qumran on the northwest shore of the Dead Sea, comprise over 900 manuscripts dating from the 3rd century BCE to the 1st century CE. Beyond their w
A_2_07 — 2 Enoch (Slavonic) and 3 Enoch (Hebrew Apocalypse)
2 Enoch (the "Slavonic Apocalypse of Enoch" or "Book of the Secrets of Enoch") and 3 Enoch (the "Hebrew Apocalypse of Enoch" or "Sefer Hekhalot") are two distinct pseudepigraphical texts that extend the Enochic tradition
A_2_03 — Book of Enoch & the Watchers
The Book of Enoch (1 Enoch) is one of the most detailed ancient texts describing interactions between non-human beings ("Watchers") and humanity. Excluded from most biblical canons by the 4th century CE, it was preserved
A_4_05 — Rig Veda and Vedic Cosmology
The Rig Veda (Sanskrit: ṛgveda, "Praise-Knowledge") is the oldest surviving religious text of the Indo-European world — composed in archaic Sanskrit between approximately 1500–1200 BCE (with some hymns possibly older). I
A_4_19 — Maya Codices: Dresden, Madrid, and Paris Manuscripts
The Maya codices are the only surviving pre-Columbian books from the Maya civilization — folding-screen manuscripts made of bark paper (huun) covered in lime plaster and painted with hieroglyphic texts and illustrations
A_4_12 — Pali Canon (Tipitaka) — Earliest Buddhist Scriptures
The Pali Canon (Tipiṭaka, "Three Baskets") is the oldest complete collection of Buddhist scriptures, preserved in the Pali language by the Theravada tradition of Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Transmitted orally for appro
A_4_40 — Avesta & Zoroastrian Scripture
The Avesta is the primary collection of sacred texts in Zoroastrianism, the ancient Persian religion founded by the prophet Zarathustra (Zoroaster), traditionally dated between 1500–1000 BCE. The oldest section, the Gath
A_4_25 — Jain Agamas: Canonical Scriptures of Non-Violence and Asceticism
The Jain Agamas (Āgama, "tradition/scripture") are the canonical scriptures of Jainism, one of the world's oldest continuously practiced religions. The teachings are attributed to Mahāvīra (Vardhamāna, c. 599–527 BCE or
A_4_24 — Dhammapada: Verses of the Buddhist Path
The Dhammapada ("Verses of the Dharma/Teaching" or "Path of Dharma") is the most widely read and translated text of Theravada Buddhism — a collection of 423 verses in 26 chapters (vagga), presenting the core ethical and
A_4_11 — Upanishads — Core Vedantic Philosophy
The Upanishads (उपनिषद्, "sitting near" a teacher) are the concluding philosophical sections of the Vedas and the foundational texts of Vedantic philosophy. Composed between approximately 800–200 BCE, the principal (mukh
A_4_28 — Nihon Shoki: Japan's Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns
The Nihon Shoki (日本書紀, "Chronicles of Japan," also known as Nihongi) is the second-oldest extant Japanese historical text (after the Kojiki, 712 CE), completed in 720 CE under the supervision of Prince Toneri (舎人親王, 676–
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