RESEARCH BASE

Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence

3,721 Documents 34 Sections 43,625 Citations 34,852 Keywords Indexed 4 Evidence Tiers

3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.

1,717 results for "social construction of technology" — page 8 of 86

ZC_4_15 Verified Social Science

ZC_4_15 — Anthropology of Ritual: Liminality, Communitas, and Ritual Performance

The anthropology of ritual studies the structured, repetitive, symbolic actions through which human societies create meaning, mark transitions, maintain social order, negotiate power, communicate with the sacred, and tra

ritual liminality Turner rites of passage communitas van Gennep
ZC_2_12 Verified Social Science

ZC_2_12 — Social Stratification and Class

Social stratification refers to the ranking of individuals and groups in hierarchies of wealth, power, and prestige. The two foundational approaches are Karl Marx (1818–1883) — class is defined by relationship to the mea

social stratification class inequality Marx Weber Bourdieu
ZC_2_16 Verified Social Science

ZC_2_16 — Social Capital

Social capital — the networks of relationships, norms of reciprocity, and trust that facilitate collective action and cooperation within and between groups — emerged as one of the most influential and contested concepts

social capital Bourdieu Coleman Putnam bonding capital bridging capital
ZC_2_20 Credible Social Science

ZC_2_20 — Social Capital Theory — Putnam

Social capital — the networks of relationships, norms of reciprocity, and trust that facilitate cooperation among individuals and groups — became one of the most influential and contested concepts in social science follo

social capital Robert Putnam bowling alone civic engagement trust social networks
ZC_2_11 Verified Social Science

ZC_2_11 — Sociology of Religion

The sociology of religion examines religion as a social phenomenon — how religious beliefs, practices, and institutions shape and are shaped by social structures. Foundational approaches: Émile Durkheim (The Elementary F

sociology of religion secularization sacred profane Durkheim Weber
G_3_20 Verified Modern Frameworks

G_3_20 — Kuhn's Paradigm Shifts: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

Thomas S. Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962) introduced the concept of the paradigm shift — the idea that science does not progress by linear accumulation of facts, but through periodic, discontinuous

paradigm shift Kuhn scientific revolution normal science anomaly incommensurability
G_3_28 Verified Modern Frameworks

G_3_28 — Phlogiston Theory: Productive Fiction and the Birth of Chemistry

Phlogiston theory — developed by German chemist and physician Georg Ernst Stahl in the early 18th century — held that all combustible materials contain a fire-principle called phlogiston (from the Greek phlogistós, "burn

phlogiston Georg Stahl Lavoisier oxygen combustion calx
G_2_02 Verified Modern Frameworks

G_2_02 — Agent-Based Modeling and Social Simulation

Agent-based modeling (ABM) is a computational framework in which large numbers of autonomous "agents" — each following simple, individually specified rules — interact with one another and their environment, and complex c

agent-based modeling ABM social simulation computational archaeology emergence artificial societies
T_4_13 Credible Psychology & Social

T_4_13 — Political Psychology: Ideology, Moral Foundations, and the Psychology of Political Belief

Political psychology — the scientific study of the psychological bases of political behavior, beliefs, and ideologies — investigates why people hold the political views they do, how they process political information, an

political psychology ideology conservatism liberalism moral foundations theory Haidt
T_4_09 Verified Psychology & Social

T_4_09 — Psychology of Power and Authority

The psychology of power and authority examines how social hierarchy, dominance, obedience, and institutional authority shape human behavior. Two landmark experiments defined the field: Stanley Milgram's obedience studies

power authority obedience Milgram Stanford prison experiment Zimbardo
T_4_07 Verified Psychology & Social

T_4_07 — Social Identity Theory and Prejudice

Social Identity Theory (SIT) explains how individuals derive self-concept from group memberships and how this drives intergroup behavior — including prejudice, discrimination, and conflict. Developed by Henri Tajfel and

social identity theory prejudice discrimination Tajfel Turner minimal group paradigm
T_4_14 Credible Psychology & Social

T_4_14 — Social Comparison Theory: Festinger, Upward/Downward Comparison, and Social Media

Social comparison theory, introduced by Leon Festinger (1954), proposes that humans have a fundamental drive to evaluate their abilities and opinions — and in the absence of objective, non-social standards, they do so by

social comparison Festinger upward comparison downward comparison self-evaluation envy
T_4_15 Credible Psychology & Social

T_4_15 — The Psychology of Cooperation and Trust: Game Theory, Reciprocity, and Institutions

Cooperation — acting in ways that benefit others at a cost to oneself — is both theoretically puzzling (why would natural selection favor organisms that sacrifice fitness for others?) and practically essential (every hum

cooperation trust game theory prisoner's dilemma reciprocity altruism
T_4_17 Verified Psychology & Social

T_4_17 — Parasocial Relationships: One-Sided Bonds with Media Figures

Parasocial relationships — the one-sided emotional bonds that audiences form with media personalities, fictional characters, and public figures — were first described by sociologists Donald Horton and Richard Wohl in the

parasocial relationships parasocial interaction Donald Horton Richard Wohl media psychology celebrity attachment
T_2_03 Verified Psychology & Social

T_2_03 — Attachment Theory — Bowlby, Ainsworth & Social Bonds

Attachment theory, developed by John Bowlby (1958, 1969) and empirically validated by Mary Ainsworth (1978), proposes that humans are biologically predisposed to form close emotional bonds with caregivers — and that the

attachment theory Bowlby Ainsworth Strange Situation secure attachment insecure attachment
T_2_15 Credible Psychology & Social

T_2_15 — Gratitude and Forgiveness: Prosocial Emotions, Health Benefits, and Psychological Resilience

Gratitude and forgiveness — two central topics in positive psychology — represent prosocial emotional responses that profoundly influence interpersonal relationships, mental health, and physical well-being. Gratitude — t

gratitude forgiveness prosocial emotion positive psychology Emmons McCullough
T_1_06 Verified Psychology & Social

T_1_06 — Cognitive Development — Piaget, Vygotsky, Theory of Mind

Cognitive development — how human minds grow in their capacity to think, reason, solve problems, and understand the world — has been dominated by two foundational theories: Jean Piaget's constructivist stage theory (1936

cognitive development Piaget Vygotsky Theory of Mind Sally-Anne test zone of proximal development
T_1_11 Verified Psychology & Social

T_1_11 — History of Psychology

Psychology's formal history as an independent discipline spans approximately 150 years — from Wilhelm Wundt's founding of the first experimental psychology laboratory in Leipzig (1879) to the present day. The discipline

history of psychology Wundt structuralism functionalism James behaviorism
T_3_16 Verified Psychology & Social

T_3_16 — Forensic Psychology: Criminal Profiling, Assessment, and Expert Testimony

Forensic psychology — the application of psychological science to the legal system — encompasses criminal profiling, competency and sanity evaluations, risk assessment for violence and recidivism, eyewitness memory resea

forensic psychology criminal profiling psychopathy PCL-R eyewitness testimony competency
T_3_10 Verified Psychology & Social

T_3_10 — Psychology of Humor and Laughter

Humor and laughter are universal human behaviors found across all known cultures and appearing early in development (social smiling by 6–8 weeks, laughter by 3–4 months). Three classical theories dominate the field: Supe

humor laughter comedy incongruity theory superiority theory relief theory