RESEARCH BASE

Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence

3,721 documents 34 sections 43,623 citations 34,854 keywords indexed 4 evidence tiers

3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.

2,448 results for "Ur dragon" — page 70 of 123

Q_1_17 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_1_17 — Modified Gravity Theories (MOND, TeVeS, and Alternatives to Dark Matter)

Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is a hypothesis proposed by Mordehai Milgrom in 1983 that modifies Newton's second law at very low accelerations (below approximately 1.2 × 10⁻¹⁰ m/s²) to explain galaxy rotation curves

modified gravity MOND TeVeS dark matter alternatives Milgrom galaxy rotation curves
Q_1_07 Cosmology & Physics

Q_1_07 — CMB Anomalies and the Axis of Evil

The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) — the afterglow of the Big Bang, emitted ~380,000 years after the universe began — is the most precisely measured radiation in the history of science. It matches the theoretical pred

CMB cosmic microwave background WMAP Planck anisotropy anomaly
Q_1_19 Credible Cosmology & Physics

Q_1_19 — Cosmic Inflation Alternatives: Bouncing, Cyclic, and Variable Speed of Light Models

Cosmic inflation — the paradigm that the universe underwent exponential expansion in the first ~10⁻³⁶ to 10⁻³² seconds — has been the standard framework for explaining the horizon problem (why the cosmic microwave backgr

bouncing-cosmology cyclic-universe ekpyrotic variable-speed-of-light inflation-alternatives horizon-problem
Q_1_13 Cosmology & Physics

Q_1_13 — Cosmic Strings and Topological Defects

Cosmic strings are one-dimensional topological defects that may have formed during symmetry-breaking phase transitions in the early universe, analogous to cracks in ice or vortex lines in superfluids. Predicted by Kibble

cosmic strings topological defects phase transition domain walls magnetic monopoles textures
Q_4_05 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_4_05 — Modified Gravity Theories

Modified gravity theories propose that the observed discrepancies between luminous matter and gravitational dynamics — traditionally attributed to dark matter — instead result from a breakdown or modification of Newtonia

modified gravity MOND Modified Newtonian Dynamics Milgrom TeVeS tensor-vector-scalar
Q_4_31 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_4_31 — Water Memory, Anomalous Properties, and Homeopathy Critique

The "water memory" hypothesis — the claim that water retains a structural or informational imprint of substances previously dissolved in it, even after dilution past Avogadro's number — sits at the center of one of 20th-

water memory Jacques Benveniste homeopathy ultra-dilution Luc Montagnier electromagnetic signals
Q_4_23 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_4_23 — Chaos Theory and Nonlinear Dynamics: Deterministic Unpredictability and Complex Systems

Chaos theory is the branch of mathematics and physics studying deterministic systems whose long-term behavior is effectively unpredictable due to sensitive dependence on initial conditions — popularly known as the "butte

chaos theory nonlinear dynamics butterfly effect Lorenz attractor strange attractor fractal
Q_4_11 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_4_11 — Acoustics: Sound Physics, Resonance, and Wave Phenomena

Acoustics is the science of sound — mechanical pressure waves propagating through matter (gases, liquids, solids). Unlike electromagnetic waves, sound requires a medium and cannot travel through vacuum. Sound is characte

acoustics sound pressure wave frequency wavelength resonance
Q_4_03 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_4_03 — General Relativity Tests and Confirmations

Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity (GR, 1915) has survived over a century of increasingly precise experimental tests, ranging from Solar System measurements to strong-field astrophysical observations. The cla

general relativity GR tests equivalence principle gravitational redshift perihelion precession Mercury
Q_4_15 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_4_15 — Magnetism: From Lodestones to MRI, Domains to Spin

Magnetism — the force exerted by magnets and electric currents, and the response of materials to magnetic fields — has been known since antiquity (the lodestone, a naturally magnetized iron ore, was used in Chinese compa

magnetism magnetic field ferromagnetism paramagnetism diamagnetism antiferromagnetism
Q_4_32 Cosmology & Physics

Q_4_32 — The Fundamental Constants: Physics, Life, and Mathematics

The universe runs on numbers — and not arbitrary ones. A small set of fundamental constants, mostly dimensionless, determines every property of matter, energy, space, and time. Change any of them by a fraction and atoms

fundamental constants physical constants CODATA 2022 speed of light Planck constant gravitational constant
Q_2_19 Credible Cosmology & Physics

Q_2_19 — Modified Gravity Theories: MOND, TeVeS & Alternatives to Dark Matter

Modified gravity theories propose that the observed discrepancies between predicted and measured gravitational effects in galaxies and galaxy clusters — conventionally attributed to dark matter — instead result from modi

modified-gravity mond teves dark-matter-alternative milgrom galaxy-rotation-curves
Q_2_20 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_2_20 — Black Hole Information Paradox & Hawking Radiation

The black hole information paradox is arguably the deepest unsolved problem in theoretical physics, lying at the intersection of general relativity, quantum mechanics, and thermodynamics. In 1974, Stephen Hawking showed

black hole information paradox Hawking radiation unitarity firewall paradox Page curve island formula
Q_2_02 Cosmology & Physics

Q_2_02 — Neutron Stars, Pulsars, and Extreme Physics

Neutron stars are the collapsed remnants of massive stars, packing 1.4 to approximately 2.1 solar masses into a sphere roughly 20 kilometers across — reaching densities of 10¹⁷ kg/m³, where a teaspoon of material would w

neutron stars pulsars magnetars kilonova Jocelyn Bell Burnell nuclear density
Q_2_03 Cosmology & Physics

Q_2_03 — Cosmic Rays and High-Energy Astrophysics

Cosmic rays — high-energy particles from space, mostly protons and atomic nuclei — were discovered by Victor Hess in 1912 via balloon flights that measured ionization increasing with altitude, earning him the Nobel Prize

cosmic rays muons Victor Hess Pierre Auger Observatory IceCube neutrino astronomy
Q_2_01 Cosmology & Physics

Q_2_01 — Black Holes, Singularities, and Information

Black holes are regions of spacetime where gravity is so extreme that nothing — not even light — can escape once it crosses the event horizon. Predicted by general relativity (Schwarzschild solution, 1916), regarded as m

black hole singularity event horizon Schwarzschild Kerr Hawking radiation
Q_3_13 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_3_13 — Interstellar Objects: 'Oumuamua, Borisov, and Interstellar Visitors

Interstellar objects (ISOs) are bodies — asteroids, comets, or other macroscopic objects — that originate in other star systems and pass through our solar system on unbound, hyperbolic trajectories. While the theoretical

interstellar object 'Oumuamua Borisov 1I 2I ISO
Q_3_05 Cosmology & Physics

Q_3_05 — Olbers' Paradox and the Dark Night Sky

Olbers' paradox — named after German astronomer Heinrich Olbers (1826), though discussed earlier by Kepler (1610), Halley (1720), and de Chéseaux (1744) — asks: if the universe is infinite, static, and uniformly filled w

Olbers' paradox dark night sky cosmic expansion finite age universe Big Bang lookback time
Q_3_12 Verified Cosmology & Physics

Q_3_12 — Telescope Technology and Observational Cosmology

The history of astronomy is inseparable from the history of telescope technology, and each major advance in instrumentation has triggered transformative discoveries. Galileo (1609) turned a simple refracting telescope to

telescope observatory optical telescope radio telescope space telescope Hubble
Q_3_01 Cosmology & Physics

Q_3_01 — The Fermi Paradox & Drake Equation

Enrico Fermi's 1950 lunch question — "Where is everybody?" — remains one of the deepest unanswered questions in science. The galaxy is ~13.6 billion years old, contains ~100–400 billion stars, and (as we now know from Ke

Fermi paradox Drake equation Great Filter Zoo hypothesis Dark Forest SETI