RESEARCH BASE
Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence
3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.
1,647 results for "sociology of science" — page 60 of 83
L_2_15 — Population Structure of the Ancient Near East: Farming Spread Genetics
The Neolithic Revolution — the independent invention of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent (~10,000-8,000 BCE) — was one of the most consequential transformations in human history, and ancient DNA has revealed that the
L_2_13 — Genetic History of Island Southeast Asia: Wallace Line and Beyond
Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) — the vast archipelagic region encompassing the Philippines, Indonesia, Timor, and the islands between mainland Asia and Australo-Papua — is one of the most genetically complex regions on Ear
L_2_09 — Genetic History of the Americas: Clovis to Contact
The genetic history of the Americas — from the initial peopling of the New World to the devastating population collapse after European contact — is one of the most intensively studied and rapidly evolving areas of paleog
L_3_06 — Genetics of Intelligence and Cognition
The genetics of intelligence — one of the most studied yet contentious areas in behavioral genetics — has established that cognitive ability, as measured by standardized tests, has a substantial heritable component (~50–
L_3_11 — Genetics of Taste and Dietary Adaptation
Taste perception — the ability to detect sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami (savory) stimuli — is mediated by genetically encoded receptor proteins whose variation across individuals and populations reflects evolution
L_3_12 — Genetics of Pigmentation: Skin, Hair, and Eye Color Evolution
Human pigmentation — the variation in skin, hair, and eye color across populations — is one of the most visible and best-understood examples of natural selection in our species. Pigmentation is determined primarily by th
L_3_08 — Genetics of Skin, Hair, and Eye Color
Human pigmentation — skin, hair, and eye color — is one of the best-understood complex traits in human genetics, with a relatively modest number of genes explaining a large proportion of variation compared to most polyge
L_5_11 — Genetics of Altitude Adaptation: Tibet, Andes, Ethiopia
High-altitude adaptation represents one of the most dramatic and best-studied examples of natural selection in contemporary human populations. More than 140 million people worldwide live at elevations above 2,500 meters,
Y_4_18 — Sleep Disorders and Parasomnias: Pathologies of Consciousness in Sleep
Sleep disorders affect an estimated 50–70 million Americans and ~1 billion people globally, causing significant morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. The field was transformed by the discovery of distinct sleep stag
Y_4_07 — Hypnosis — History, Neuroscience, and Therapeutic Application
Hypnosis has evolved from Franz Mesmer's "animal magnetism" theory (1770s) through James Braid's neurological reframing (1843) and James Esdaile's surgical applications in India to Milton Erickson's indirect hypnotherapy
Y_5_13 — Starvation and Dehydration: Cognitive Effects of Deprivation States
Starvation and dehydration — states of severe and prolonged nutritional and fluid deprivation — produce a characteristic and well-documented progression of cognitive, perceptual, and emotional alterations that constitute
Y_2_17 — Barrier Gating and Altered States of Consciousness
Altered states of consciousness — produced by psychedelics, anesthetics, hypnagogic and hypnopompic transitions, near-death events, deep meditation, breathwork, and sensory deprivation — share a common functional signatu
Y_1_05 — Soma and Haoma — The Sacred Plant of Vedic and Avestan Ritual
Soma (Sanskrit: sóma) is the most celebrated sacred substance in the Vedic corpus — a pressed plant juice ritually offered to the gods and consumed by priests, praised in all 114 hymns of Rig Veda Mandala IX plus ~6 addi
Y_1_06 — Psychedelic Research — Modern Science and Ancient Entheogen Parallels
Psychedelic research has undergone a dramatic revival since ~2006, with major studies at Johns Hopkins, Imperial College London, NYU, and MAPS demonstrating the therapeutic potential of psilocybin, MDMA, and ayahuasca/DM
H_1_12 — Iconoclasm — Systematic Destruction of Sacred Images
Iconoclasm — the deliberate destruction of religious images, statues, and sacred art — is one of the most recurrent and cross-cultural forms of knowledge suppression in human history. Far from random vandalism, iconoclas
H_1_08 — Destruction of Nalanda and Asian Knowledge Centers
The destruction of Nalanda — the world's first residential university, operating continuously for approximately 700 years (5th–12th centuries CE) in what is now Bihar, India — represents one of the most consequential epi
H_1_06 — Destruction of Pre-Islamic and Modern Cultural Heritage
The deliberate destruction of cultural heritage — from the Taliban's demolition of the Bamiyan Buddhas (2001) to ISIS's systematic obliteration of sites in Palmyra, Nimrud, Hatra, and the Mosul Museum (2014–2017) to the
H_1_02 — Burning of Maya Codices and Mesoamerican Knowledge Destruction
The systematic destruction of Maya manuscripts represents one of history's most devastating losses of accumulated knowledge. Bishop Diego de Landa's 1562 auto-da-fé at Maní destroyed thousands of Maya texts, leaving only
H_3_13 — Colonial Epistemology: Western Science Dismissing Indigenous Knowledge
Colonial epistemology refers to the system of knowledge production and validation that emerged alongside European colonial expansion (15th-20th centuries) and continues to shape global academic practice — a system in whi
H_3_04 — Destruction of Aboriginal Australian Knowledge Systems
The destruction of Aboriginal Australian knowledge systems represents the disruption of the longest continuous cultural tradition on Earth — spanning at least 65,000 years. From the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788, co
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