RESEARCH BASE
Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence
3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.
405 results for "marine archaeology" — page 3 of 21
D_4_05 — LiDAR Archaeology: Revolutionary Remote Sensing Discoveries
LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) has transformed archaeology by enabling researchers to see through dense vegetation and map landscapes at centimeter-level resolution, revealing previously unknown structures, roads, c
H_2_13 — Reproducibility in Archaeology: Method Reliability Assessment
Reproducibility — the ability of independent researchers to produce the same results using the same methods on the same or equivalent materials — is a cornerstone of scientific credibility. Yet archaeology faces unique c
H_2_19 — Forbidden Archaeology — Cremo & Thompson Claims
Forbidden Archeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race (1993, revised edition 1998, 914 pages), authored by Michael A. Cremo and Richard L. Thompson, is the most comprehensive compendium of anomalous archaeological a
H_3_15 — Gender Bias in Archaeology: Androcentrism and Its Corrections
For most of its history, archaeology has been shaped by androcentric assumptions — the projection of modern Western gender norms onto past societies. The "Man the Hunter" paradigm (formalized at a 1966 symposium but impl
H_4_07 — History of Archaeology: From Antiquarianism to Modern Science
Archaeology as a discipline evolved from Renaissance-era antiquarian curiosity through Enlightenment collecting into a rigorous, methodologically grounded science. Key turning points include Thomsen's Three-Age System (1
ZE_4_08 — Ethics of Archaeology and Cultural Heritage
The ethics of archaeology and cultural heritage examines moral obligations surrounding the excavation, ownership, display, and repatriation of cultural materials. The field emerged from a colonial history where Western i
S_1_05 — Digital Archaeology — AI, LiDAR, Remote Sensing, and the Discovery Revolution
Digital technologies are revolutionizing archaeology at a pace unprecedented in the discipline's history. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) surveys have revealed entire hidden urban landscapes beneath forest canopy — f
M_5_28 — Japanese Archaeology: Jōmon Culture and Ancient Japan
The Jōmon period (c. 14,000–300 BCE) represents one of the longest continuous cultural traditions in human history and challenges standard models of social evolution. The Jōmon produced the world's oldest known pottery (
M_5_27 — Indonesian Archaeology: Sundaland, Flores, and Maritime Southeast Asia
Indonesia is one of the most archaeologically consequential regions on Earth — a vast maritime archipelago spanning 5,000 km that preserves evidence from Homo erectus (c. 1.5 Ma at Sangiran, Java) through the enigmatic H
ZF_2_14 — Marine Microbiology: Deep-Sea Viruses and Bacterial Ecology
The deep ocean harbors the largest and most diverse microbial ecosystem on Earth — a vast realm of bacteria, archaea, and viruses that drive global biogeochemical cycles, recycle organic matter, and sustain life in condi
ZF_3_12 — Submarines, Submersibles, and the History of Ocean Exploration
The history of ocean exploration technology spans from the earliest diving bells (Alexander the Great's legendary glass barrel, ~332 BCE; Halley's practical diving bell, 1690) to full-ocean-depth human-occupied vehicles
ZF_3_10 — Marine Paleontology and the Fossil Record of the Seas
Marine paleontology documents the evolution of life in Earth's oceans over ~3.8 billion years — from the earliest microbial fossils (stromatolites, ~3.5 Ga) to the complex marine ecosystems of the modern ocean. The marin
ZF_1_13 — Continental Shelves: Submerged Geography and Ice Age Coastlines
Continental shelves — the shallow, gently sloping underwater extensions of continental landmasses — represent some of the most biologically productive, economically valuable, and archaeologically significant terrain on E
E_4_21 — Oxygen Isotope Stages: Marine Isotope Record and Climate Cycles
The marine oxygen isotope record — constructed from measurements of the ratio of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 (δ¹⁸O) in the calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) shells of foraminifera (single-celled marine organisms) preserved in deep-se
G_1_12 — Geoarchaeology — Sediments, Soils, and Site Formation Processes
Geoarchaeology applies the principles and methods of earth sciences — geology, geomorphology, sedimentology, soil science, and geochemistry — to archaeological problems, focusing on the geological context of archaeologic
G_2_15 — Cognitive Archaeology — Mind in the Archaeological Record
Cognitive archaeology investigates the cognitive abilities, mental processes, and symbolic capacities of past peoples through the material record they left behind — seeking to understand not just what ancient people did,
G_2_11 — Ethnoarchaeology — Living Analogies for Past Behavior
Ethnoarchaeology is the study of living or recently documented societies — their material culture, spatial organization, subsistence strategies, craft production, architecture, refuse disposal, and social practices — wit
G_2_10 — Zooarchaeology — Animal Bones as Cultural Evidence
Zooarchaeology (also called archaeozoology) is the study of animal remains — primarily bones, teeth, antler, horn, and shell — recovered from archaeological sites, to reconstruct past human-animal relationships, includin
O_3_16 — Underwater Anomaly Catalog
Underwater anomalies range from confirmed submerged archaeological sites (Pavlopetri, Dwarka, Heracleion) to ambiguous geological/archaeological features (Yonaguni, Bimini Road, Baltic Sea Anomaly) to outright unexplaine
ZE_3_13 — Ocean Ethics — Maritime Law, Marine Rights, Ocean Governance
Ocean ethics examines the moral and legal governance of the world's largest ecosystem — the ocean covers 71% of Earth's surface, contains 97% of the planet's water, and produces 50% of the oxygen we breathe, yet remains
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