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Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence

3,721 Documents 34 Sections 43,625 Citations 34,852 Keywords Indexed 4 Evidence Tiers

3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.

679 results for "ki" — page 27 of 34

P_4_19 Credible Philosophy & Meaning

P_4_19 — Indian Logic Traditions

The Indian traditions of logic and epistemology (pramāṇa-śāstra) represent one of the most sophisticated and independently developed systems of formal reasoning in human intellectual history, spanning over two millennia

Indian logic Nyaya pramana anumana inference Dignaga
P_4_15 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_4_15 — Japanese Philosophy: Zen, Bushido, Wabi-Sabi, Mono no Aware

Japanese philosophy encompasses a rich, distinctive tradition that has woven together indigenous Shinto concepts (sacredness of nature, ritual purity, musubi — the vital creative force), continental imports from Chinese

Japanese philosophy Zen bushido wabi-sabi mono no aware Nishida Kitarō
P_4_05 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_4_05 — Stoicism — Ancient Resilience Philosophy Applied to Modern Existence

Stoicism — founded by Zeno of Citium circa 300 BCE and developed over five centuries by thinkers ranging from freed slaves to Roman emperors — is one of history's most practically influential philosophical systems. Its c

Stoicism Zeno of Citium Seneca Epictetus Marcus Aurelius logos
P_1_09 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_1_09 — Philosophy of Time

The philosophy of time addresses some of the deepest questions in metaphysics: Is time real or an illusion? Does the present moment have a special ontological status, or are past, present, and future equally real? Does t

philosophy of time McTaggart A-series B-series presentism eternalism
P_1_02 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_1_02 — Philosophical Frameworks for the Meaning of Life

"What is the meaning of life?" is perhaps the oldest philosophical question. Across 2,500+ years of systematic philosophy, four major positions have emerged: (1) Objective meaning — life has a purpose built into reality

meaning of life existentialism absurdism nihilism logotherapy Camus
P_5_02 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_5_02 — Computational Phylogenetics of Mythology

This document examines Computational Phylogenetics of Mythology, a topic within the Philosophy Meaning research area. Key areas of investigation include The Traditional Approach: Comparative Mythology, The Biological Ana

phylogenetics mythology Yuri Berezkin Julien d'Huy Michael Witzel Laurasian
P_2_13 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_13 — Philosophy of Biology: Teleology, Species Concepts, and Function

The philosophy of biology examines the conceptual foundations, explanatory structures, and ontological commitments of the biological sciences — asking questions that biology itself presupposes but does not typically addr

philosophy of biology species concept biological species teleology function natural selection
P_2_11 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_11 — Deontological Ethics: Duty, Rights, and the Categorical Imperative

Deontological ethics (from Greek deon, "duty" or "obligation") is the family of moral theories holding that the rightness or wrongness of an action depends on the action's conformity to moral rules, duties, or rights — n

deontological ethics deontology Kant categorical imperative duty moral law
P_2_12 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_12 — Meta-Ethics: Moral Realism, Emotivism, and Constructivism

Meta-ethics is the branch of moral philosophy that asks foundational questions not about what is right or wrong (that is normative ethics) but about the nature, status, and foundations of moral claims themselves: Do mora

meta-ethics moral realism moral anti-realism emotivism expressivism constructivism
P_2_17 Verified Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_17 — Philosophy of Law: Jurisprudence and Legal Theory

Jurisprudence — the philosophical study of law's nature, authority, and relationship to morality — addresses foundational questions: What makes a rule a "law"? Is law necessarily connected to morality? How should judges

jurisprudence legal-positivism natural-law hartian dworkinian critical-legal-studies
P_2_01 Credible Philosophy & Meaning

P_2_01 — The Problem of Evil and Theodicy

The Problem of Evil is the oldest and most potent objection to the existence of an omnipotent, omniscient, benevolent God. First formulated rigorously by Epicurus (~300 BCE): "If God is willing to prevent evil but unable

theodicy problem of evil Epicurus Leibniz free will moral evil
ZE_5_11 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_5_11 — Moral Relativism vs. Universalism: Cross-Cultural Moral Disagreement

The debate between moral relativism and moral universalism is among the most fundamental in ethics. Relativism holds that moral judgments are valid only relative to a cultural, historical, or individual framework — there

moral relativism moral universalism cultural relativism cross-cultural ethics Harman Wong
ZE_5_13 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_5_13 — Ethics of Charity and Philanthropy: Effective Altruism and Duty to Give

The ethics of charity and philanthropy interrogates the moral obligations of the wealthy toward the poor, the effectiveness and legitimacy of charitable giving as a response to poverty, and the emerging movement of effec

charity philanthropy effective altruism Singer duty to give aid
ZE_5_18 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_5_18 — Research Ethics & Global Standards

Research ethics — the principles, regulations, and institutional structures governing the conduct of research involving human subjects, animals, and sensitive data — emerged as a formal discipline from the horrors of Naz

research ethics Nuremberg Code Declaration of Helsinki Belmont Report institutional review board IRB
ZE_5_10 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_5_10 — Ethics of Silence and Complicity: Bystander Problem and Moral Inaction

Moral inaction — the failure to intervene, speak, or resist in the face of injustice — is one of the most pervasive and consequential forms of ethical failure. The bystander effect, famously studied after the murder of K

silence complicity bystander effect moral inaction omission Kitty Genovese
ZE_5_09 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_5_09 — Ethics of Automation and Labor: Displacement, UBI, and Human Purpose

Automation ethics confronts the moral dimensions of technological change that displaces human labor — a process that has accelerated dramatically with advances in artificial intelligence, robotics, and digital platforms.

automation labor work unemployment UBI universal basic income
ZE_4_11 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_4_11 — Philosophy of Resistance: Civil Disobedience and Dissent

The philosophy of resistance — the ethical, political, and practical dimensions of civil disobedience, conscientious objection, nonviolent direct action, and revolutionary dissent — addresses one of the most fundamental

civil disobedience resistance dissent nonviolence Thoreau Gandhi
ZE_4_15 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_4_15 — Ethics of Nuclear Weapons: Deterrence, MAD, and Abolition

The ethics of nuclear weapons constitutes one of the most consequential moral questions of the modern era: Can the threat to annihilate millions of civilians ever be morally justified? Since the atomic bombings of Hirosh

nuclear weapons deterrence MAD mutually assured destruction Hiroshima Nagasaki
ZE_3_02 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_3_02 — Bioethics and Medical Ethics

Bioethics — the systematic study of ethical issues arising from biological sciences and medicine — emerged as a formal discipline in the 1960s–70s in response to rapid medical advances (organ transplantation, intensive c

bioethics medical ethics informed consent autonomy beneficence nonmaleficence
ZE_3_06 Verified Ethics & Applied Philosophy

ZE_3_06 — Ethics of Psychedelic Research and Therapy

The ethics of psychedelic research and therapy addresses the unique moral challenges posed by substances that profoundly alter consciousness in therapeutic, religious, and research contexts. After a 40-year research mora

psychedelic ethics psilocybin MDMA ayahuasca informed consent clinical trials