RESEARCH BASE
Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence
3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.
21 results for "placebo analgesia" — page 1 of 2
Y_4_12 — Psychosomatic Phenomena and the Placebo Effect
Psychosomatic phenomena — bodily changes produced by mental states — and the placebo effect — measurable physiological improvements following inert treatment — demonstrate that consciousness and belief can directly affec
K_5_02 — Pain, Consciousness, and the Nature of Suffering
Pain is one of the most philosophically revealing phenomena in consciousness studies: it is simultaneously a sensory detection system, an emotional experience, a cognitive evaluation, and a social communication — and the
INTERDOC_23 — Placebo, Nocebo, and the Biology of Belief
[KEY FINDING] The placebo effect is not "fake medicine" — it involves genuine, measurable physiological changes mediated by endogenous neurotransmitter systems. Fabrizio Benedetti (University of Turin) has demonstrated:
X_2_01 — Psychosomatic Medicine and Placebo Science
The placebo effect — measurable physiological change resulting from the belief or expectation of treatment rather than the treatment's pharmacological action — is among the most replicated and least understood phenomena
T_2_13 — Placebo and Nocebo Effects
The placebo effect — a measurable physiological or psychological improvement in response to an inert treatment — is one of the most robust and well-documented phenomena in medicine and psychology, while the nocebo effect
X_1_11 — Homeopathy: History and Controversy
Homeopathy — a medical system founded by German physician Samuel Hahnemann (1755–1843) based on the principle of similia similibus curentur ("like cures like") — holds that substances causing symptoms in healthy people c
Mind_Body_Healing_Frontier
The scientific investigation of mind-body interactions has progressed from fringe speculation to a major research domain supported by institutional infrastructure (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
X_2_05 — Naturopathy and Integrative Medicine
Naturopathy — a system of medical practice emphasizing the body's innate healing capacity, natural remedies, and prevention — and integrative medicine — the combination of conventional and complementary approaches based
X_2_13 — Pain Science: Nociception, Perception, and the Biopsychosocial Model
Pain is one of the most universal human experiences — and one of the most complex phenomena in medicine and neuroscience. The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines pain as "an unpleasant sensory
X_2_16 — Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Trials
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) — the systematic integration of the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to guide medical decision-making — was formalized as a paradigm by Gordon Guya
X_5_20 — Medical Regulation: Clinical Trials, Drug Safety, and the History of Oversight
Medical regulation — the system of laws, agencies, and protocols governing drug development, clinical trials, and medical device approval — evolved over centuries from virtually no oversight to the elaborate global frame
X_1_10 — Acupuncture and Meridian Theory
Acupuncture — the insertion of thin needles into specific points on the body to treat pain and disease — is one of the most widely practiced and scientifically studied forms of traditional medicine, yet remains among the
X_3_09 — Anesthesia and Pain Management
Anesthesia and pain management — the medical control of pain and consciousness — revolutionized surgery and transformed the human experience of medical care. Before anesthesia, surgery was an ordeal of extreme suffering
K_4_02 — Stigmata, Faith Healing, and Psychosomatic Phenomena
The human body can do things under the influence of belief that should not be physically possible according to conventional medical models. The placebo effect — a "sugar pill" producing measurable physiological changes —
K_5_20 — Psychoneuroimmunology: Mind-Body-Immune Connections
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) — the study of interactions between psychological processes, the nervous system, and immune function — has established that the mind directly influences immune defense and that immune activity
ZC_5_17 — Ritual Efficacy Mechanisms: How Ritual Produces Real-World Effects
Ritual — formalized, repetitive, symbolic action that is culturally prescribed and often marked as distinct from ordinary behavior — is a universal feature of human societies, found in religious ceremonies, civic commemo
ZC_4_04 — Medical Anthropology — Culture, Healing, and the Body
Medical anthropology — the study of how health, illness, healing, and the body are experienced, understood, and managed across cultures — is one of anthropology's most productive subfields, bridging biological and social
T_2_06 — Health Psychology and Stress
Health psychology investigates how psychological, behavioral, and social factors influence health, illness, and healthcare — integrating biological and psychosocial perspectives within the biopsychosocial model (Engel, 1
T_2_14 — Hypnosis: Suggestion, Trance, and the Science of Hypnotic Phenomena
Hypnosis — a procedure involving an induction (typically relaxation and focused attention instructions) followed by suggestions for changes in perception, sensation, emotion, thought, or behavior — has oscillated between
Y_5_07 — Phenomenology of Pain and Pain Modulation
Pain — defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP, revised 2020) as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissu
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