RESEARCH BASE
Search 3,721 documents across 34 fields — every claim tier-rated by evidence
3,633 are the core, quality-scored corpus (34 lettered sections — see How We Work); the remaining 88 are cross-corpus synthesis documents (68 InterDocs, 12 Connections, 8 Theories) also indexed here.
1,556 results for "jus ad bellum" — page 1 of 78
ZE_4_01 — Just War Theory and Ethics of Violence
Just war theory — the ethical framework for evaluating when the use of military force is morally justified and how it may be conducted — has roots in classical antiquity (Cicero, Augustine) and medieval theology (Aquinas
ZE_3_15 — Ethics of Climate Justice: Intergenerational, Global, and Species Equity
Climate justice addresses the ethical dimensions of climate change — arguably the most consequential moral challenge facing humanity. The crisis is fundamentally unjust in three dimensions: globally, the nations least re
ZE_2_10 — Ethics of Knowledge Suppression and Epistemic Justice
The ethics of knowledge suppression and epistemic justice examines the moral dimensions of how knowledge is produced, distributed, silenced, and distorted. Miranda Fricker (Epistemic Injustice, 2007) identified two core
N_5_03 — Underground Railroad and Coded Knowledge Systems
The Underground Railroad (c. 1780s–1865) — the clandestine network of routes, safe houses, and individuals that assisted enslaved African Americans in escaping to freedom in the northern United States, Canada, Mexico, an
F_3_10 — Plague and Disease Transmission Along Trade Routes
The same trade routes and migration corridors that connected distant civilizations also served as highways for pandemic disease, making pathogen transmission one of the most consequential — and devastating — forms of "lo
INTERDOC_57 — Cascade Pattern Across Civilization Resets
Three civilization-altering events — the Younger Dryas climate reversal (c. 12,800 years ago), the Late Bronze Age Collapse (c. 1177 BCE), and the Justinianic Plague (541–549 CE and centuries of recurrence) — share struc
ZC_5_06 — Environmental Sociology: Risk, Justice, and Ecological Modernization
Environmental sociology studies the reciprocal relationships between human societies and their natural environments — how social structures, economic systems, political institutions, cultural beliefs, and power relations
T_1_02 — Evolutionary Psychology — The Adapted Mind
Evolutionary psychology applies Darwinian natural and sexual selection to the human mind, proposing that cognitive mechanisms evolved as functional adaptations to recurrent problems faced by ancestral hunter-gatherers in
H_2_17 — Suppressed Knowledge Evaluation Methodology
Claims of knowledge suppression pervade both fringe and mainstream intellectual discourse. This document develops an evidence-based evaluation methodology for distinguishing genuine cases of institutional suppression (Se
ZE_4_15 — Ethics of Nuclear Weapons: Deterrence, MAD, and Abolition
The ethics of nuclear weapons constitutes one of the most consequential moral questions of the modern era: Can the threat to annihilate millions of civilians ever be morally justified? Since the atomic bombings of Hirosh
ZE_3_22 — Longevity Ethics & Life Extension: Moral Dimensions of Radical Lifespan Enhancement
The prospect of radical life extension — extending human lifespan from the current ~80-year average in developed countries to 150, 500, or even indefinite years through senolytics, gene therapy, organ replacement, AI-dri
T_1_20 — Evolutionary Psychology Debate
Evolutionary psychology (EP) is the theoretical approach that applies principles of natural selection and adaptation to understand human psychological traits — arguing that the human mind, like the human body, is the pro
M_4_14 — Richat Structure & Bimini Road: Geological Formations or Lost Civilizations?
The Richat Structure (also called the "Eye of the Sahara" or "Eye of Africa") is a prominent circular geological feature approximately 40 km in diameter located near Ouadane, Mauritania, in the western Sahara Desert (21°
M_2_16 — Gunung Padang: Indonesia's Megalithic Controversy
Gunung Padang ("Mountain of Enlightenment" in Sundanese) is a megalithic site in Karyamukti village, Cianjur Regency, West Java, Indonesia, situated atop a volcanic hill at ~885 meters elevation. The visible surface cons
M_1_12 — Ancient Electrical Phenomena: Baghdad Battery and Electroplating
The "Baghdad Battery" (also called the Parthian Battery) refers to a set of artifacts discovered in 1936 at Khujut Rabu (near Baghdad, Iraq) by German archaeologist Wilhelm König, then Director of the Baghdad Museum. The
A_1_15 — Mesopotamian Wisdom Literature
Mesopotamian wisdom literature — spanning over 2,000 years from Sumerian proverb collections (c. 2500 BCE) to late Babylonian philosophical dialogues (c. 500 BCE) — represents humanity's earliest sustained written engage
A_1_14 — Akkadian Empire Texts: Sargon, Naram-Sin, and Imperial Ideology
The Akkadian Empire (~2334–2154 BCE), founded by Sargon the Great, represents the first multi-ethnic, centralized empire in recorded history. Akkadian royal inscriptions, the Sargon Birth Legend, the Curse of Agade, and
A_2_02 — Nag Hammadi & Gnostic Texts
The Nag Hammadi Library is a collection of 13 leather-bound papyrus codices containing 52 texts, discovered in 1945 near Nag Hammadi, Upper Egypt. Written in Coptic and dated to the 3rd–4th centuries CE (with originals p
A_4_39 — Egyptian Book of the Dead: Funerary Texts, Afterlife Geography, and Judgment of the Soul
The "Book of the Dead" (Pert em Heru, "Coming/Going Forth by Day") is a corpus of ancient Egyptian funerary texts — spells, hymns, incantations, and illustrated vignettes — designed to guide the deceased through the Duat
A_4_16 — Tibetan Book of the Dead (Bardo Thodol) and Bon Tradition
The Bardo Thodol (བར་དོ་ཐོས་གྲོལ, "Liberation Through Hearing in the Intermediate State"), popularly known as the Tibetan Book of the Dead, is a collection of funerary texts attributed to the 8th-century Indian master Pa
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