N_4_15 — Organized Crime Secret Structures — Yakuza, Triads, Mafia

The major transnational criminal organizations — the Sicilian Cosa Nostra and its American offshoot, the Calabrian 'Ndrangheta, the Neapolitan Camorra, the Japanese Yakuza (boryokudan), and the Chinese Triads — function

N_4_11 — Triads and Chinese Heaven and Earth Society

The Tiandihui (天地會, "Heaven and Earth Society"), also known as the Hongmen (洪門, "Vast Gate"), the Three Harmonies Society (三合會, Sanhehui — the origin of the English term "Triad"), and by numerous other names, is one of t

N_4_07 — Yakuza and Japanese Secret Societies

Yakuza (also known as gokudō 極道 — "the extreme path") is the collective term for Japan's organized crime syndicates, whose historical roots extend to the Edo period (1603–1868) through two main predecessor groups: the te

N_4_09 — Mafia Origins and Cosa Nostra

The Sicilian Mafia (Cosa Nostra — "Our Thing") is arguably the world's most extensively documented secret criminal organization, originating in western Sicily during the mid-19th century (the exact origins are debated: c

ZC_2_05 — Criminology and Deviance

Criminology studies the nature, causes, consequences, and control of criminal behavior, while deviance encompasses behavior that violates social norms, whether or not it is legally criminal. Classical theories: Émile Dur

T_4_02 — Forensic Psychology and the Criminal Mind

Forensic psychology applies psychological science to legal and criminal justice systems — encompassing criminal behavior, courtroom processes, investigative methods, risk assessment, and rehabilitation.

ZD_5_13 — Digital Forensics: Computer Evidence, Incident Response, and Cyber Investigation

Digital forensics is the application of scientific methods and techniques to the identification, collection, preservation, examination, analysis, and presentation of digital evidence from computers, networks, mobile devi

H_1_06 — Destruction of Pre-Islamic and Modern Cultural Heritage

The deliberate destruction of cultural heritage — from the Taliban's demolition of the Bamiyan Buddhas (2001) to ISIS's systematic obliteration of sites in Palmyra, Nimrud, Hatra, and the Mosul Museum (2014–2017) to the

N_2_09 — Thuggee and the Cult of Kali

Thuggee (from Hindi ṭhag, "deceiver/cheat") refers to organized groups of highway robbers and murderers who operated across central and northern India, primarily from the 17th through early 19th centuries, killing travel

U_5_06 — Art Forgery and Authenticity

Art forgery — the creation of works intended to deceive buyers, dealers, or institutions into believing they are by another (usually more famous or valuable) artist — is as old as the art market itself and raises profoun

N_0_00 — Secret Societies: Section Summary

N_4_00 — Power Political Societies: Subfolder Summary