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6 results for "Birkeland currents"
Q_3_07 — Plasma Cosmology and the Electric Universe Hypothesis
Plasma cosmology and its populist extension, the Electric Universe (EU) hypothesis, propose that electromagnetic forces — rather than gravity — are the dominant organizing force in the cosmos, and that plasma (ionized ga
O_1_08 — Aurora Borealis and Geomagnetic Storms
The aurora borealis (northern lights) and aurora australis (southern lights) are luminous atmospheric phenomena caused by charged particles from the solar wind interacting with Earth's magnetosphere and exciting atmosphe
ZA_4_04 — Plasma Physics: The Fourth State of Matter
Plasma — ionized gas in which electrons are stripped from atoms — constitutes over 99% of the visible matter in the universe. Stars, nebulae, the interstellar medium, lightning, and the solar wind are all plasmas. Unlike
ZF_3_09 — Ocean Currents and Human Migration Patterns
Ocean currents have shaped human migration, trade, and cultural exchange throughout prehistory and history — functioning as both highways and barriers that profoundly influenced which populations could reach which coastl
ZF_1_01 — Physical Oceanography: Thermohaline Circulation, Currents, and ENSO
Physical oceanography studies the motion, properties, and dynamics of the global ocean — a system containing 97% of Earth's water, covering 71% of the surface, and storing over 90% of the excess heat from anthropogenic c
ZF_5_15 — Submarine Canyons: Underwater Valleys and Turbidity Currents
Submarine canyons are steep-walled, V-shaped valleys incised into the continental shelf and slope that serve as the primary conduits for transporting sediment, organic matter, and pollutants from shallow coastal waters t
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